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Rev. Nicholas Noyes II (born December 22, 1647, at Newbury, Massachusetts Bay Colony – died December 13, 1717, at Salem, Massachusetts Bay Colony) was a colonial minister during the time of the Salem witch trials. He was the second minister, called the "Teacher", to Rev. John Highinson. During the Salem witch trials, Rev. Noyes served as the official minister of the trials.〔David Lindsay, PhD., ''Mayflower Bastard: A Stranger Amongst the Pilgrims'' (St. Martins Press, New York, 2002) p. 205〕 ==Biography== Rev. Nicholas Noyes II was son of Rev. Nicholas Noyes and Mary Cutting Noyes, grandson of the Rev. William Noyes, and nephew of Rev. James Noyes. He graduated at Harvard in 1667, and, after preaching thirteen years in Haddam, Connecticut, he moved in 1683 to Salem, where he was minister until his death in Salem. He spent time as the chaplain with troops in Connecticut during King Philip's War in 1675-76.〔David Lindsay, PhD., Mayflower Bastard: A Stranger Amongst the Pilgrims (St. Martins Press, New York, 2002), p. 163〕 Before the execution of Sarah Good on July 19, 1692, Noyes asked her to confess. Her famous last words were, “You are a liar! I am no more a witch than you are a wizard, and if you take away my life God will give you blood to drink.” Twenty-five years later, Noyes died of a hemorrhage and literally did choke on his own blood. He was 9 days shy of his 70th birthday. On September 22, 1692, Noyes had officiated as clergyman at the final hangings of the those accused of witchcraft. It is reported that he turned toward the suspended bodies of the victims and said, “What a sad thing it is to see eight firebrands of hell hanging there.”〔(Narratives of the Witchcraft Cases, 1648-1706 )〕 On November 14, 1692, 17-year-old Mary Herrick accused Noyes's cousin, Sarah Noyes Hale (wife of John Hale, daughter of Deacon James Noyes, and granddaughter of Rev. William Noyes), and the ghost of executed Mary Eastey of afflicting her, but unsurprisingly Sarah Noyes Hale was never formally charged or arrested.〔No. 709: Statement of John Hale & Joseph Gerrish v. Mary Herrick, ''Records of the Salem Witch-Hunt'', p. 703, Bernard Rosenthal, Ed. (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2009).〕 A later commentator on the trials, Charles Upham suggests that this accusation was one that helped turn public opinion to end the prosecutions, and spurred John Hale's willingness to reconsider his support of the trials.〔Charles W. Upham, ''(Salem Witchcraft )'', 1969 (1867), Vol. II, pp. 345–46.〕 Some sources claim Noyes later retracted his opinions on the witch trials, and publicly confessed his error,〔 but an entirely unflattering portrait of Noyes as an active persecutor of the accused witches in the examinations prior to their trials is presented by Frances Hill in her book ''A Delusion of Satan''. A 1703 petition to clear the names of the accused witches, signed by Essex County ministers, did not include Noyes' name. In 1712, the excommunications of Rebecca Nurse and Giles Cory were reversed by the Salem Church "... as a result of pressure from Samuel Nurse rather from any remorse on the part of Nicholas Noyes."〔''A Delusion of Satan: The Full Story of the Salem Witch Trials'' (1995) by Frances Hill, pp. 205-06. Doubleday, New York.〕 Noyes published ''Election Sermon'' (1698), and, later (1715), a poem on the death of Joseph Green, as well as some verses prefixed to Cotton Mather's ''Magnalia''.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nicholas Noyes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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